Household gas prices in EU countries: PTP (pre-tax total price) and taxes (2012)

Household gas prices (Figure 16) without tax are not far apart in regulated countries once
one ignores outliers like Romania and Greece. Indeed, when they are included in the
analysis, price disparities are far stronger. Taxes do alter the picture, however, with e.g.
Denmark and Italy slapping high taxes on pre-tax (regulated) gas prices. In unregulated
markets, Sweden in extreme form and the Netherlands, show high taxation (and this
causes price disparities to be significant), but, again, ignoring tax, price disparities are
small.