Decreasing relevance of market-driven pricing for (industrial) electricity in the EU

The impact of taxes on final prices is high for residential
customers, as shown by the orange bars in Figure 18 and Figure 19 above, while it is
much lower for industrial consumers, as shown by the purple bars in Figure 20, first
because they usually enjoy exemptions, albeit to a different extent, and secondly because
they can recover the VAT.