Next Generation EU: Breakdown of resources by expenditure pillar (€ billion, 2018 prices, % of total)

The European Commission has grouped the spending instruments contributing to the objectives of Next Generation EU in three separate categories, focusing on: public investment and reforms, private investment, and lessons learnt from the crisis. The bulk of resources, including 81 % of the total grants and all the loans, would go to the first pillar dealing with investment and reforms in Member States.