Figure 11 – Heading 1 Single market, innovation and digital

Heading 1 ‘Single market, innovation and digital’ represents 12.7 % of the 2021 budget without the reinforcement from the NGEU instrument, and 5.4 % of the 2021 budget + NGEU combined. It includes EU investments providing an important contribution in the area of research and innovation, EU strategic investments in trans-European networks in transport, communication and energy, digital transformation, single market and space policy. Examples of programmes and instruments supported include Horizon Europe, InvestEU, the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), the Digital Europe programme, the Single Market programme, and the European Space programme.